gabtan -i jorin -- xutucin | 《射的》- 序言 | The Aim of Archery - Prologue

 Video link:

The original book’s PDF: https://manc.hu/zh/tools/reader/text/4483/00-gabtan-i-jorin 

Manchu

Modern Chinese (translated based on Manchu)

English (translated based on Manchu)

gabtan i jorin. 

《射箭的目标》

"The Aim of Archery",

morin be tuwaha nirugan de araha gisun be amala ejehe

把观马之图上写的话记在后面了

(I) wrote down the words written on the horse-viewing picture at the back.

gabtan jorin -i gisuren,

《射箭的目标》的语录，

Quotes from "The Aim of Archery",

bi kemuni gabtan de, 

我常常在射箭的时候，

When I am shooting arrows,

erdemu be cincilambi sehe gisun be cibtui dabtafi, 

反复地讲说“审视德行”，

Repeatedly saying "examine virtue",

teni gabtara doro yala erdumu de bisire, hvsun de akv be sahabi, 

（然后）才知道果然在德行中有射箭之道，而在力量中没有，[才知道果然射箭知道在于德行而不在于力量]

(Then) I realized that the art of archery is in virtue, but not in strength.

aini seci, 

怎么说呢？

How to say it?

erdemu serengge, dursulen, hvsun serengge baitalan, 

德行为体，力量为用，

virtue is Substance, strength is Application.

hvsun isinaci faksi banjinambi, 

如果力量达到生出技巧（的层级），

if the strength reaches (a certain level) and it gives rise to skill, 

faksi ohongge, erdemu -i mergen ba, 

技巧就变成了德行的智慧之地，

the skill will become the place of wisdom of virtue,

hvsun be oci, hacihiyame nonggibuci ombi, 

力量则可以被勉强增加，

Strength can be reluctantly increased.

erdemu be oci, jabxan de bahaci ojorakv, 

德行则不可以有幸得到，

Virtue, however, cannot be acquired by luck.

terei erdemu ojorongge narhvn kai, somishvn kai, 

其德行塑造得细致啊、隐逸啊，

Their virtue is cultivated with refinement and subtlety.

tacire urse, embici terei muwa babe baha gojime, terei narhvn babe melebure, 

学习者，或者把粗糙的部分得到了，但是将会遗漏其细致的部分，

Learners may either grasp the coarse aspects but miss the refined ones

embici terei iletu babe sibkiha gojime, terei somishvn babe oihorilara jakade, 

或者把精细的部分研究了，但是忽略掉其隐逸的部分，

or study the intricate details while overlooking the subtle depths.

gabtara be leolehengge, ele largin oho bime, 

所以讨论射箭的事情变得更加繁多了并且，

Thus, discussions about archery have become increasingly numerous, 

gabtara doro ulhiyen -i burubure de isinahangge ede kai, 

射箭之道到了逐渐消失的时候了啊！

yet the true way of archery is gradually fading away!

tuttu oci narhvn somishvn  -i xumin ulan be, uthai cingkai ufarabumbio, 

因此细致、隐逸（的精华部分）的深度传承，就要这么失去了吗？

Thus, is the deep inheritance of the refined and subtle essence to be lost in this way?

bi te mujin adalai ursei emgi gabtan -i muwa iletu babe taka sindafi, 

我现在与有相同志向的人们一起将射箭的粗糙部分和精细部分暂且放置一边，

Now, together with like-minded individuals, I wish to set aside both the coarse and intricate aspects of archery for the time being 

narhvn somishvn babe, cohotoi girkvre be leoleki, 

然后特别想专注于那个细致和隐逸的部分讨论下，

and focus specifically on discussing its refined and subtle essence.

amba muru muwa iletu ba oci, yaya niyalma -i sarangge, inu yaya niyalma -i muterengge, 

大概精细粗糙的地方是任何人都知道的，也是任何人都能做到的，

The intricate and coarse aspects are likely known to everyone and can be achieved by anyone.

terei narhvn somishvn ba oci, niyalma tome gisurere gojime, 

虽然这个精细且隐逸的地方每个人都在说，

Although everyone speaks of this refined and subtle aspect,

niyalma tome mutere aibi, 

但是未必每个人能做到，

not everyone can truly achieve it.

tuttu ofi, sara de mangga akv, yabure de yala mangga,

因此，知道不难，做（事）的时候果然是难呐，

Thus, knowing is not difficult, but applying it in practice is indeed challenging.

ineku sahangge tengkicuke (oho) manggi, 

本来知道的东西变得切实的之后，

Only when what is known becomes concrete 

teni hvsutuleme yabume mutembi dere, 

才能努力行事吧，

can one truly strive to put it into practice.

aikabade damu untuhun gisun -i fiyanarame, beyede unenggileme dursuleme muterakv oci, 

如果只是在说空话，到自己这边却不能认真地体验，

If one merely speaks in empty words without truly experiencing it themselves,

udu tacibure niyalma ereni tacibume, tacire urse ereni tacicibe, 

那么虽然教学者是以此来教授，学习者是以此来学习，

then although the teacher teaches and the learner learns,

muteburengge hvsun -i teile dabala, 

但是能做到此事的人只是有力而已啊。

only those with strength will be able to accomplish it.

erdemu de ai dalji, 

德行与什么有关呢？

What is virtue related to?

te damu niyalma -i gisurehe bime, akvnahakvngge be jafafi, 

现在只是人们在说而掌握不到（要点）。

Right now, people only speak of it but fail to grasp the essence.

terei gisun be fuhaxame sibkifi, terei jurgan be yarume, fisembume arafi, 

思考并研究这个话之后，引申这个意思，并同时阐述，

expanding its meaning, and simultaneously explaining it,

gabtan -i jorin seme gebulehe, 

然后就将其命名为《射箭的目标》，

it is then named The Aim of Archery.

jorin serengge, oyonggo be, 

目标是重要的啊，

The aim is important. 

jorin sere gisun, tungken be, 

所谓的目标是靶子啊，

The so-called aim is the target, 

damu tungken be tungken -i tuwarakv, 

但是不要把靶子当成靶子来看。

but do not view the target as just a target. 

erdemu -i tungken be tuwa, 

要把靶子当作德行看，

Instead, see the target as virtue.

erdemu ilinaci goiburengge fulu ombi. 

如果将德行立住，射中的次数就会变多。

If virtue is established, the number of successful hits will increase.

Tuttu ofi, erdemu be gabtan -i oyonggo obuhabi, 

因此，把德行变成射箭的重要的事情，

Therefore, make virtue the important aspect of archery.

ememu hendume, gabtan de erdemu be cincilambi sehengge, 

有人说过，“射箭的时候观察德行”，

Someone once said, "Observe virtue while practicing archery."

erdemu yargiyan -i gabtara urse -i ujelerengge, 

德行真的是射箭者所要重视的事情，

Virtue is indeed something the archer must focus on.

erdemu be tungken obumbi sere gisun yala mujangga, 

“把德行变成靶子”的话果然是如此。

"Turning virtue into the target" is truly the way to approach it.

tuttu seme, erdemu de narhvn muwa bi, somishvn iletu bi, 

虽然，德行有精细也有粗糙，有隐逸也有精细的东西，

Although virtue has both coarse and refined aspects, and both subtle and intricate qualities,

muwa ci narhvn ojoro, iletu ci somishvn ojorongge, 

但是要由粗糙变成精细，由精细变成隐逸。

it must evolve from the coarse to the refined, and from the refined to the subtle.

musei kicen hvsun -i xumin micihiyan be, yargiyalaci ojoro be dahame, 

既然咱们的努力可以把力量的深与浅验证出来，

Since our efforts can reveal the depth and shallowness of strength,

yargiyan -i ishunde nikendume ishunde aljarakvngge, 

那么真地会相互依靠；相互不会分开，

they will truly rely on each other and will never be separated.

narhvn somishvn be jafafi, gabtan be gisureci tetendere, 

掌握精细和隐逸之后，既然讲射箭，

After mastering the refined and subtle aspects, since we are discussing archery,

aikabade muwa iletu ci kicen ibeburakv oci, 

如果不努力从粗糙和精细向前前进，

if we do not strive to progress from the coarse to the refined, 

adarame terei ten de isiname mutembi ni, 

那么如何能够达到极点呢？

how can we possibly reach the highest point?

te agu damu narhvn somishvn babe gisureme, 

现在先生只要说出精细和隐逸的地方，

Now, Sir only needs to speak of the refined and subtle aspects, 

muwa iletu babe waliyame gamame, 

舍弃粗糙和精细的地方，

setting aside the coarse and the refined.

muwa iletu be, yaya niyalma -i sarangge, yaya niyalma -i muterengge sembi, 

同时所谓粗糙和精细，是人们所知道的，人们所能够做到的，

At the same time, the so-called coarse and refined are what people know and what they are able to achieve.

aika agu -i gisurehe narhvn somishvn babe, niyalma inu same,

如果对于先生说过的精细和隐逸的地方，人们也知道，

If people also know the refined and subtle aspects that Sir has spoken of,

niyalma inu muteme ohode, 

倘若人们也能做到的话，

and if they can also achieve them,

geli aibe jafafi sume gisurembini, 

那么拿什么解释说明呢？

then what can be used to explain or clarify this?

bithede henduhengge, goro yabure de, hanciki ci deribumbi, 

书中有说过，“远行的时候，从近处开始，

The book says, "When traveling far, start from nearby, 

den be tafara de, fangkala ci deribumbi sehebi, 

登高的时候，从矮处开始。”

when climbing high, begin from low."

geli henduhengge, fejergi de tacifi wesihun hafunambi sehebi, 

又说过，“下学而上达”

It also says, "Begin with the basics and reach a higher understanding."

enduringgei amaga tacire urse de hing seme tacihiyahangge, 

用圣人的话认真指教后来的学生，

Using the words of the sage to earnestly instruct future students 

ainahai muwa iletu be yooni waliyaha ni seme henduhe gisun be, 

未必全部放弃了粗糙和精细，

does not necessarily mean completely abandoning the coarse and the refined. 

bi donjire jakade,

如果我问起这些，

If I ask about these aspects,

gaihari ulhifi, 

就突然会理解，

I will suddenly understand

buksuri oho be aliyame, bi taxaraha, bi taxaraha sefi, 

然后会后悔自己含糊了，说道：“我犯错了，我犯错了。”

and then regret my previous vagueness, saying, "I was wrong, I was wrong."

tereci muwa iletu babe suwaliyame amargi de kamcime araha. 

从那里起，把粗糙和精细之处混合到一起之后合并写下了。

From that point on, after integrating the coarse and refined aspects, they were written down together.